Why you shouldn't write a lot of documentation.

Patterns that describe how you can describe specifications of kinds of objects. Essentially the most general form allows you to encode predicate expressions as an interpreter of objects. These are useful for representing object queries, and for defining a requirement that objects need to match.

A range of patterns that look at ways to handle situations where objects of a class can play different roles in various situations.

Many things have properties, and there are many ways to model how these properties work. These range from simple explicit properties to complex property models with an active knowledge level for validation. These patterns discuss some of the options in handling this.